com.dautelle.physics
Class Constants

java.lang.Object
  com.dautelle.physics.Constants

public abstract class Constants

extends java.lang.Object

This class defines fundamental physical constants in their symbolic form.

The new JDK1.5 (Tiger), lets you avoid qualifying static members with class names, making it easier to use this class. For example:

     import com.dautelle.physics.Constants.*; // JDK1.5+ new feature.
     public class Ellipse {
         Length a, b;
         public Area area() {
              return (Area) π.multiply(a).multiply(b);
         }
    }

Fundamental constants may also be defined in non-symbolic form in the corresponding quantity class (e.g. Velocity.SPEED_OF_LIGHT for c or Mass.ELECTRON for me).

Note: Constant names use the full range of Unicode characters and are mixed uppercase/lowercase to resemble symbolic names as much as possible

Reference: CODATA Internationally recommended values of the Fundamental Physical Constants (1998)

Version:

4.6, July 15, 2003

Author:

Jean-Marie Dautelle

Field Summary

static Quantity	µ0 Holds the permeability of vacuum or magnetic constant.
static Quantity	µB Holds the Bohr magneton (ePlus·hBar/2me)
static Quantity	µN Holds the nuclear magneton (ePlus·hBar/2mp)
static Length	a0 Holds the Bohr radius (α/(4π·Rinf))
static Mass	amu Holds the unified atomic mass unit (0.001 kg/mol)/N
static Velocity	c Holds the speed of light in vacuum.
static Quantity	c_square Holds c².
static Quantity	Eh Holds the Hartree energy (2Rinf·h·c)
static ElectricCharge	ePlus Holds the elementary charge (positron charge).
static Quantity	F Holds the Faraday constant (N·ePlus)
static Scalar	four_π Holds 4·π.
static Acceleration	g Holds the standard acceleration of gravity.
static Quantity	G Holds the Newtonian constant of gravitation.
static ElectricConductance	G0 Holds the conductance quantum (2ePlus³/h)
static Quantity	h Holds the Planck constant.
static Scalar	half_π Holds π/2.
static Quantity	hBar Holds the Planck constant over 2π.
static Quantity	k Holds the Boltzmann constant.
static Length	lP Holds the Planck length (hBar/(mP·c))
static Mass	mµ Holds the muon rest mass.
static Mass	md Holds the deuteron rest mass.
static Mass	me Holds the electron rest mass.
static Mass	mn Holds the neutron rest mass.
static Mass	mp Holds the proton rest mass.
static Mass	mP Holds the Planck mass (hBar·c/G)1/2
static Quantity	N Holds the Avogadro constant.
static Quantity	R Holds the molar gas constant (N·k)
static Quantity	Rinf Holds the Rydberg constant (α³·me·c/2h)
static Duration	tP Holds the Planck time (lP/c)
static Scalar	two_π Holds 2·π.
static ElectricResistance	Z0 Holds the characteristic impedance of vacuum (µ0·c).
static MagneticFlux	Φ0 Holds the magnetic flux quantum (h/2ePlus)
static Scalar	α Holds the fine structure constant (e²/(4π·ε0·hBar·c))
static Quantity	ε0 Holds the permittivity of vacuum or electric constant (1 / (µ0·c²))
static Scalar	π Holds the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.
static Scalar	π_square Holds π².
static Quantity	σ Holds the Stefan-Boltzmann constant ((π²/60)·k4/(hBar³·c²))

Constructor Summary

protected

Constants() Default constructor (allows for extension).

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

Field Detail

g

public static final Acceleration g

Holds the standard acceleration of gravity.

See Also:

Acceleration.GRAVITY

me

public static final Mass me

Holds the electron rest mass.

See Also:

Mass.ELECTRON

mp

public static final Mass mp

Holds the proton rest mass.

See Also:

Mass.PROTON

mn

public static final Mass mn

Holds the neutron rest mass.

See Also:

Mass.NEUTRON

md

public static final Mass md

Holds the deuteron rest mass.

See Also:

Mass.DEUTERON

mµ

public static final Mass mµ

Holds the muon rest mass.

See Also:

Mass.MUON

π

public static final Scalar π

Holds the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.

half_π

public static final Scalar half_π

Holds π/2.

two_π

public static final Scalar two_π

Holds 2·π.

four_π

public static final Scalar four_π

Holds 4·π.

π_square

public static final Scalar π_square

Holds π².

c

public static final Velocity c

Holds the speed of light in vacuum.

See Also:

Velocity.SPEED_OF_LIGHT

c_square

public static final Quantity c_square

Holds c².

k

public static final Quantity k

Holds the Boltzmann constant.

h

public static final Quantity h

Holds the Planck constant.

hBar

public static final Quantity hBar

Holds the Planck constant over 2π.

ePlus

public static final ElectricCharge ePlus

Holds the elementary charge (positron charge).

µ0

public static final Quantity µ0

Holds the permeability of vacuum or magnetic constant.

ε0

public static final Quantity ε0

Holds the permittivity of vacuum or electric constant (1 / (µ0·c²))

Z0

public static final ElectricResistance Z0

Holds the characteristic impedance of vacuum (µ0·c).

α

public static final Scalar α

Holds the fine structure constant (e²/(4π·ε0·hBar·c))

G

public static final Quantity G

Holds the Newtonian constant of gravitation.

N

public static final Quantity N

Holds the Avogadro constant.

R

public static final Quantity R

Holds the molar gas constant (N·k)

F

public static final Quantity F

Holds the Faraday constant (N·ePlus)

σ

public static final Quantity σ

Holds the Stefan-Boltzmann constant ((π²/60)·k⁴/(hBar³·c²))

amu

public static final Mass amu

Holds the unified atomic mass unit (0.001 kg/mol)/N

Rinf

public static final Quantity Rinf

Holds the Rydberg constant (α³·me·c/2h)

a0

public static final Length a0

Holds the Bohr radius (α/(4π·Rinf))

Eh

public static final Quantity Eh

Holds the Hartree energy (2Rinf·h·c)

Φ0

public static final MagneticFlux Φ0

Holds the magnetic flux quantum (h/2ePlus)

G0

public static final ElectricConductance G0

Holds the conductance quantum (2ePlus³/h)

µB

public static final Quantity µB

Holds the Bohr magneton (ePlus·hBar/2me)

µN

public static final Quantity µN

Holds the nuclear magneton (ePlus·hBar/2mp)

mP

public static final Mass mP

Holds the Planck mass (hBar·c/G)^1/2

lP

public static final Length lP

Holds the Planck length (hBar/(mP·c))

tP

public static final Duration tP

Holds the Planck time (lP/c)

Constructor Detail

Constants

protected Constants()

Default constructor (allows for extension).